ABSTRACT
Introduction: Pulmonary manifestations are typically presented in SARS-CoV2 infection. Some patients can manifest neurological presentations. Some cases of COVID-19 infection were reported with primary presentation of meningitis, meningitis without pulmonary implication and meningoencephalitis. We believed that in some cases primary and only symptoms are neurological manifestations without pulmonary involvement. Method(s): We report a case of 24-year-old man, immunocompetent, with recurrence of COVID-19 infection, who presents with meningitis without pulmonary involvement. Result(s): Our patient reported first COVID-19 infection in October 2021 with only meningitis symptoms. He wasn't vaccinated. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis. Empiric treatment with Acyclovir was started. Pulmonary X-ray was normal. Antigen test for SARS-CoV2 was negative. The result of PCR test for COVID-19 was positive. In 3 weeks, he recovered from COVID-19 infection with meningitis, he was discharged with negative PCR test for SARS-CoV2. After 2 months he presented similar symptoms of meningitis. CSF analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis. Similar to the first case, pulmonary X-ray was normal and Antigen test for COVID-19 was positive. CSF DNA for Herpes simplex virus type I, II, IV, Epstein Bar virus, Cytomegalovirus were negative. It's not clear the cause of this type of the disease evolution. Can it be an implication of different circulating viral strains or is it the same COVID-19 variant? Conclusion(s): We present a case of recurrence of COVID-19 infection with primary manifestation of meningitis, without pulmonary involvement. This case presents the possibility of recurrence of COVID-19 infection with the same first symptoms. Copyright © 2022
ABSTRACT
Agriculture is a continuous process of agricultural production and processing of agricultural land. Accordingly, this type of activity cannot be in a mode of self-isolation. In spite of this, the Pandemic has affected both the economic activity and the financial results. This affected high-value goods, as well as value-added goods. Meat production is a case in point;demand for expensive meats will drop significantly. The result could be an increase in consumption of poultry, as it is a cheap alternative to meat. Restrictive measures taken by the government in connection with the growth of Covid-19 have affected the demand of citizens for insurance services. Many producers of agricultural services have given serious thought to the need to review their insurance policies. This article examines and analyzes the financial mechanisms of agricultural insurance under post-pandemic realities. It is the insurance mechanism that will allow agricultural producers to develop confidently and have a guarantee of minimizing financial losses in case of unforeseen situations.
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: We are currently facing a new pandemic coronavirus. COVID-19 was shown to be linked with a continuous reduction in lymphocytes along the disease. Human alphaherpesvirus-3 (HHV-3) is a virus with the ability to establish latency in ganglionic neurons throughout the entire neuroaxis. After reactivation, HHV-3 causes herpes zoster, accompanied by skin shingles in a lot of cases. HHV-3 also infect the central nervous system (CNS). There are some scientific reports that HHV-3 complicate the course of COVID-19 infection;others that HHV-3 can be a marker for COVID-19 infection. Methods: We report two cases of the infection of Herpes Zoster, during convalescence from COVID-19, followed by neurological complications. Results: A 66 year old man during convalescence from COVID-19 presenting right facial herpes zoster (HZ) embracing I and II trigeminal divisions, after two months he develops postherpetic neuralgia. Another one, a 60 year old woman during convalescence from COVID-19 presenting with HZ in a left-sided Th7-Th8 dermatomal distribution and viral meningoencephalitis. It's important to limit contact of patients with HZ to avoid HHV-3 transmision to patients during recovery from COVID-19 infection, especially in elders. Antiviral treatment should be longer than usual. Conclusion: Our report highlights that patients during convalescence period from COVID-19 must be monitored. Older people are at high risk for Herpes Zoster reactivation. Early treatment may be crucial and should be established in suspected cases. Nowadays telemedicine is impowered. That how we can prevent neurological complications from HZ during convalescence from COVID-19 infection.